Subordinating Conjunctions

A subordinate clause is a dependent clause that adds some extra information to the main clause. These phrases cannot stand by themselves, and their meaning is dependent upon that of the independent clause. They are not sentences! For example, “because she didn’t study” is not a complete idea worthy of being defined as a sentence. However, combine the two clauses, and we have “The student failed the test because she didn’t study.” A complete idea has been expressed, and enough information has been presented in order to fully explain the thought.

List of Subordinating Conjunctions  What follows is a list of common subordinating conjunctions used in the English language:

after
although
as
as if
as long as
as much as
as soon as
as though
because
before
even
even if
even though
if
if only
if when
if then
inasmuch
in order that
just as
lest
now
now since
now that
now when
once
provided
provided that
rather than
since
so that
supposing
than
that
though
til
unless
until
when
whenever
where
whereas
where if
wherever
whether
which
while
who
whoever
why