Academic English I – The Count of Monte Cristo – Study Guide
Chapters 1-10 (I-X)
Chapters 1-5 – Young Edmond Dantes, first mate of the Pharaon – a ship owned by the kind-hearted, fatherly Monsieur Morrel – arrives in port at Marseilles in France. He informs Monsieur Morrel in private that Captain Leclere has died of a brain-fever while at sea and that he had delivered a letter to a group of Bonapartists on the Isle of Elba. Danglars, the envious “money-man” (purser) for the company, tries, but fails to discredit Edmond in the eyes of Monsieur Morrel. Instead, Morrel appoints Edmond to be the next captain of the Pharaon. Later, Edmond goes to see his father, whom he finds living in near poverty – because of a loan of 140 francs that he had to pay back to his greedy neighbor, Caderousse. Later, when Edmond visits his fiancée, Mercedes – a beautiful Catalan woman – he finds her in the midst of conversation with her jealous cousin, Fernand Mondego. Edmond tries to extend his hand in friendship, but Fernand turns away. Later, Danglars and Fernand conspire to denounce Edmond as a Bonapartist (i.e. someone who supports the return to power of Napoleon Bonaparte). Because of this conspiracy against him, Edmond is arrested during his betrothal feast and taken away to jail by two gendarmes. Meanwhile an ambitious young public prosecutor named Villefort is preparing to marry his first wife, Renee, the future mother of Valentine and daughter of two prominent aristocrats, Monsieur and Madame Saint-Meran.
Chapter 6-9 – When Edmond is first interrogated by Villefort, he explains that he was only delivering a package to the Isle of Elba on the instructions of Captain Leclere. (In other words, don’t blame him, he was only the messenger.) The people he met there gave him another letter to deliver to a Monsieur Noirtier at: 13 Rue-Coq in Paris. Noirtier – who is a notorious political activist and supporter of Napoleon – also happens to be Villefort’s father. Not wanting to compromise his father and hoping to save his own career, Villefort burns the incriminating letter, and then, without telling Edmond, decides to sign off on sending Edmond to jail – using as evidence the fraudulent letter signed by Danglars and Fernand and which Caderousse knew about.
Chapters 10-21 (X-XXI)
Chapter 10-15– While imprisoned at the Chateau d’If, Edmond makes the acquaintance of Abbe Faria, an aging priest and fellow prisoner. Abbe Faria is a shrewd, well-educated cleric, who, helps Edmond wake up to the fact that he has been betrayed by his enemies. Over the course of the next 14 years, Abbe Faria helps to educate Edmond and tells him about the secret treasure that was hidden on the Isle of Monte Cristo back in the year 1498 by Cardinal Caesar Spada – before Spada was murdered (poisoned) by (Pope) Alexander VI. When Abbe Faria dies, Edmond takes his place in the death sack and is thrown into the sea. He survives and is rescued by a group of smugglers aboard a boat called the Jeune Amelie. As fate would have it, the smugglers take him to Isle of Monte Cristo where their contraband is kept and after faking an injury, Edmond is able to find the hidden treasure. Later he hires a crew to extract the diamonds and jewels. With the help of Jacopo, a smuggler, he sends for news of his family; from Jacopo he learns that his father has died of hunger and that Mercedes has disappeared. Henceforth – when not appearing under a series of disguises, he will be “re-born” as the Count of Monte Cristo who has sworn revenge (“justice” /”pay back”/ “settling of scores”) against his four principal enemies (Danglars, Fernand, Caderousse and Villefort) and their families.
Chapter 16–19 A mysterious priest named Abbe Busoni (Edmund in disguise) visits the hapless Caderousse who, along with his sickly wife, at an inn that doubles as a half-way house for smugglers. Explaining that he has been asked by Edmond Dantes to reward his “friends,” the mysterious priest (Busoni) offers Caderousse a diamond valued at 50,000 francs – which Caderousse eventually sells for 45,000 francs. Next, disguised as an English “representative” from the firm of Thomson and French, Edmund appears again at Marseilles and confers with Monsieur de Boville, the Inspector of Prisons and learns that Villefort had signed off on the document accusing Edmond Dantes of being an “ardent Bonapartist” (supporter of Napoleon). Still in disguise as the Englishman from Thomson and French, Edmond helps to pay Monsieur Morrel’s debts and has the Pharaon rebuilt in gratitude to his former employer. After this, a note left for Julie Morrel and signed by “Sinbad the Sailor” instructs her to wait for instructions – whereupon she discovers a red purse filled with money that has been left to her as a “wedding dowry.”
Chapters 20-21 – Baron Franz D’Epinay and Albert de Morcerf are in Rome attending a carnival festival. In need of a carriage they make the acquaintance of the mysterious Count of Monte Cristo who agrees to help them find transportation – while regaling them with stories and discussing various methods of punishment. The Count invites them to witness the execution of Peppino (alias Rocca Priori) and Andrea Rondolo— by the Mazzolato method of execution. At the last minute, however, Peppino receives a reprieve and his life is spared, while Rondolo is clubbed to death with a mace. Later, Albert de Morcerf is kidnapped by the notorious Italian bandit, Luigi Vampa and the Count arranges to have him released – thereby saving his life and putting Albert in debt to him.
Chapters (22-30) XXII-XXX
Chapter 22: – In this chapter, the Count comes to visit Albert de Moncerf in Paris at 27 Rue du Helder. Along with Albert, he is introduced to some other prominent young aristocrats including: Lucien Debray, Monsieur Beauchamp, Monsieur de Chateau-Renaud, and Maximilien Morrel (the son of ship-owner, Monsieur Morrel) – all of them confounded by the Count’s mysterious origins. Chateau-Renaud mentions in passing his gratitude to Maximilien Morrel for saving his life; Morrel explains that every September 5th he does something heroic in gratitude to the anonymous benefactor who helped his father out of bankruptcy. During his visit, the Count regales the young gentlemen with anecdotes about his life (e.g. eating habits, familiarity with criminals); the Count in turn learns in passing that Albert is scheduled to marry Eugenie Danglars, the daughter of his great enemy (Danglars). The Count later inquires of Maximilien whether his sister (Julie) is happily married to which Maximilien replies that she has indeed been very happy with her husband, Emmanuel Herbaut. Note: This happy marriage is emblematic of the happy marriage that was to have taken place between Edmond and Mercedes. And of course it was the Count who anonymously provided Julie with her “red purse” dowry.
Chapter 23: In this chapter, Edmond meets Albert’s father and mother. He has kind words for the Count de Moncerf and after staring intently at a painting of a strikingly young brunette woman, recognizes Albert’s mother as the beautiful Catalan herself – his former fiancée, Mercedes. When she sees the Count and recognizes him, Mercedes almost faints, but doesn’t not acknowledge his true identity.
Chapter 24 – Although the Count announces his new address in Paris as 30 Avenue de Champs Elysees, he instructs his notary, Bertuccio, to take him to another house in Auteuil at 28 Rue de la Fontaine – a house that once belonged to the Marquis de Saint-Meran. Bertuccio is disturbed by this request, and when they arrive at the mansion, he turns as pale as a sheet before telling the Count a long story about his connection to this particular residence. It seems that Bertuccio’s brother was killed during reprisals against suspected Bonapartists back in the year 1815. Bertuccio blamed the public prosecutor, Villefort, for his brother’s demise, and swore a vendetta against him. To gain his revenge, he tracked Villefort down at home and attempted to slay him in the garden just as he was going out to bury a small box in the ground. He stabbed him once and apparently killed him, and then made off with the box. Inside the box, he found a baby boy, (Benedetto) still alive, whom he revived, and whom his sister (Assunta) decided to raise as her adopted child. This boy grew up to be quite a hellion (bad seed) and caused Assunta much grief. While Bertuccio was away from home, working as a smuggler, he chanced to witness Caderousse murdering both his wife (Madame Caderousse) and the jeweler to whom he had sold the diamond (for 45,000 francs) that he received from the mysterious priest. Bertuccio was originally arrested for this offense but later was released, but when he returned home, he discovered that the adopted “wild child,” Benedetto, and his hoodlum friends, had burned and killed Assunta in a fire after trying to steal money from her.
Chapters 25-30 – After being formally introduced to Monsieur Danglars and his wife, the Count informs this contentious couple that he has recently purchased two, prized, spirited gray horses; this causes a further rift between husband and wife until the Count graciously offer to give them back to Madame Danglars. Later, the Count’s mute Nubian servant, Ali, subdues these same horses when Madame Danglars’ good friend, Madame Heloise de Villefort and her son, Edouard decide to take them for a spin in her carriage. As a result of these actions, the Count has successfully impressed some of the leading ladies of Paris. Later on, the Count has occasion to discuss the joys of chemistry with Madame de Villefort who is interested in the topic. He mentions how King Mithridates developed an immunity from poison by gradually developing a tolerance for them in small amounts; he also mentions how the “antispasmodic” medication she is somewhat familiar with can be used as a poison. Subsequent to this, Albert confides that he is unhappy with his formal engagement to Eugenie Danglars..
Chapters 31-40 (XXXI-XL)
Chapter 31-34 – Benedetto is offered a chance to reinvent himself by someone named “Lord Wilmore” who also goes by the name of “Sinbad the Sailor.” He is told to seek out the Count of Monte Cristo so that he can assume a new identity as the fictional Italian nobleman, Andrea Cavalcanti. Monsieur Noirtier, now confined to a wheelchair and able to communicate only by blinking, tries to help his granddaughter, Valentine, avoid an unwanted engagement to Franz D’Epinay, by threatening to cancel her inheritance.
Chapter 35-40 – The Count throws a gathering for various “guilty parties” at his new residence at the Rue de la Fontaine in Auteuil. He delights at Monsieur Villefort and Madame Danglars’ discomfort at visiting the house where they had a secret love affair twenty years prior – after which their secret “love child” (Benedetto) was born. The Count advises Danglars to write a correspondence in Yanina to find out more about Fernand Mondego’s military service. This is sort of a background check to ensure that Albert (Fernand’s son) is a good match for Eugenie. Meeting in secret with Madame Danglars, Villefort frets over whether their secret love affair from 20 years ago will be made public; Danglars tells her that “the Count of Monte Cristo did not unearth the skeleton of a child in his garden” because no child was buried there – but he fears that someone (perhaps the Count) knows more than they’re letting on.
Chapters 41-50 (XLI-L)
Chapters 41-43 – Valentine’s aristocratic grandfather, Monsieur de Saint-Meran has suddenly died and her grandmother, Madame de Saint-Meran soon dies as well. The suspected cause of death: poison. Valentine is further traumatized at the thought of having to marry into the family of the royalist, Franz d’Epinay. Monsieur Noirtier, however, instructs Franz to read the contents of a document that he has kept among his private papers relating the secret meeting of a Bonpartist club on Februaryr 5, 1815. Franz learns that his father (also known as General de Quesnal) -vafter being brought before the cabal and asked to join their secret society – refused and was later killed in a duel by none other than Monsieur Noirtier. Following this awkward episode, Franz rattles off an angry letter to Villefort breaking off his engagement to Valentine.. Meanwhile Danglars tells an impatient Fernand (the Count de Morcerf) that the engagement between Albert (Morcerf) and Eugenie (Danglars) has been postponed. Secretly Danglars is arranging for Eugenie to marry the upstart Italian nobleman, Andrea Cavalcanti.
Chapter 44-46 – After innocently serving Barrois (Noirtier’s servant) some lemonade, Barrois drops dead. Noirtier who has sampled the same drink, mysteriously survives. Doctor D’Avrigny confirms that Barrois was poisoned with brucine. Andrea Cavalcanti (alias Benedetto) meets with Caderousse (alias Monsieur Pailletin) who is threatening to expose the fact that the two have spent time in prison together. Andrea invites Caderousse to rob the Count’s home in Paris (on the Champs-Elysses) while the Count is visiting his home in Auteuil. Without telling Caderousse, Andrea writes a letter warning the Count about the break-in; as a result, the Count catches Caderousse red-handed – who recognizes him as his former benefactor: “Abbe Busoni” and informs him that another mysterious stranger: “Lord Wilmore” had him released from prison at Toulon. (Note: This signifies the various attempts that Edmond Dantes has made – under various disguises – to help Caderousse turn over a new leaf). Later, Andrea (alias Benedetto) stabs Caderousse, killing him. The Count stands over the dead body and exclaims: “One!” as if to say “One down, three to go!”
Chapter 47-50 – While taking a brief vacation in Normandy with the Count, Albert first happily learns that he is no longer engaged to Eugenie, but then reads in the newspaper a story that claims his father, Fernand Mondego betrayed the Greek Ali Pasha to the Turks during the battle of Yanina. At Fernand’s tribunal, Ali Pasha’s daughter, Haydee, testifies that Fernand sold her and her mother, Vasiliki, into slavery to the slave merchant El Kobbir who then sold Haydee to the Count of Monte Cristo after her mother died. An angry Albert first confronts Danglars about his father’s disagrace; Danglars tells him that the Count was the one who advised him to write to Yanina for news of Fernand’s military service. Albert next confronts the Count at the Opera and challenges him to a duel.
Chapters 51-60 (LI-LX)
Chapter 51-56– Before the duel can take place, Mercedes begs the Count to spare Albert’s life – and he relents intending to himself be killed during the duel. On the day of the duel, before the fighting begins, Albert apologies and the Count agrees to cancel the fight. While Albert and Mercedes pack their belongings and move out of their home, the disgraced Fernand confronts the Count of Monte Cristo, telling him :“it seems to me I’ve always known you and always hated you…” The Count then reveals himself as Edmond Dantes “come back from the grave.” Fernand realizes that he is being punished for having helped send Edmond to prison many years ago. Instead of dueling with him as originally planned, he allows the Count to leave in peace and then puts a pistol to his head. (Two down, two to go.) Chapter 55- During a visit from Maximilien, Valentine complains of dizziness and then falls ill of an apparent poisoning; Maximilien rushes to get help from the Count, but at first the Count seems indifferent, until Maximilien tells him: “But I love her!” Eugenie and Andrea (alias Benedetto) get ready to sign their marriage contract when word spreads that the police are on the lookout for Andrea Cavalcanti – who soon flees the scene and becomes a fugitive from justice.
Chapter 57-60 – Eugenie Danglars, newly released from her wedding obligations, happily leaves town with her close friend, Louise d’Armilly. Together these two artist/musicians plan to travel around Europe with Eugenie dressed as a man. Meanwhile, Andrea, still on the run, leaves the inn he’s been staying at, but leaves a tie pin as collateral for the hotel bill. Soon after this, he is arrested an imprisoned at the Conciergerie. Using a secret door that connects his newly rented apartment with her bedroom chamber, the Count disguised as a mysterious doctor, informs Valentine that someone is trying to poison her; later Valentine confirms that the culprit is none other than Heloise de Villefort, her step-mother. The Count gives her a green pill that will make it look like she is dead when really she is in a coma. When Valentine is discovered “apparently dead,” the next morning, there is intense grieving in the Villefort household.
Chapters 61-73 (LXI-LXXIII)
Chapter 61-63 – After hearing Danglars boast about how wealthy he is and how much unlimited credit he enjoys, the Count decides to “call his bluff” and demands 5 million francs up front. As it turns out, Danglars also owe Monsieur de Boville the same amount. Having been plunged into bankruptcy because of his own arrogance, Danglars decides to leave town in disgrace and sends a letter to his estranged wife, notifying her of his decision. In the course of this chapter, we learn that Albert and his mother, Mercedes, have donated all of Fernard’s “dirty money” to hospitals. Now they are reduced to poverty. Valentine’s funeral is held at the famous Pere Lachaise cemetery in Paris. (But is her body really in the casket? Perhaps not.) In order to stop a grief-stricken Maximilien from killing himself, the Count reveals that he was the mysterious benefactor who helped rescue Max’s father (Monsieur Morrel) from debt.
Chapter 63 – 65 Madame Danglars and her current love-interest and confidant, Lucien Debray are staying at the same hotel as Albert and Mercedes: at the Rue Saint-Germain-des-Pres. Madame Danglars reads a letter from her husband informing her of his decision to abandon the family. Debray encourages her to travel as a way of forgetting her hardships. (We are told at the end of this chapter that Madame Danglars somehow has 1.5 million francs of accumulated wealth to live on while Mercedes has nothing.) Meanwhile, Albert informs his mother that he plans to join the military to earn enough for the two of them to live on. Debray briefly encounters Albert in the hallway – and deeply sympathizes with the plight of Mercedes. Bertuccio visits Andrea Cavalcanti (alias Benedetto) at the La Force prison where the most dangerous prisoners are kept. On the eve of the upcoming trial which Villefort will be prosecuting, Bertuccio promises to reveal to him(Benedetto) his biological father’s true identity (which we know to be Villefort.) After working feverishly to prepare for the upcoming trial, Villefort vows to punish all of the guilty. Sipping a cup of hot chocolate (which has not been poisoned fortunately), he next confronts his wife, Madame Heloise de Villefort, about all of the people she has poisoned or tried to poison (the Saint-Merans, Barrois,, Valentine?, Noirtier). He tells her she must take poison herself as punishment for her crimes or else he will have her arrested.
Chapter 66-67 – During his trial, Benedetto freely admits his crimes (killing Caderousse, etc.) and reveals that Villefort is his biological father. Madame Danglars, (his biological mother) anxiously watches from the gallery, then faints, then goes into a fit of hysteria before being taken out. Returning home in a daze, Villefort frantically tries to stop his wife (Heloise) from taking the poison, but finds that it is too late: she has not only taken the poison but has given some to young Edouard as well. Both will soon be dead, Villefort will give way to a fit of insanity, and the “fall” of house of Villefort will be complete. (Three down, one to go.) At this point in the story, the Count realizes that his “thirst for vengeance” may have gone too far – leading to the death of “innocent parties” such as Edouard.
Epilogue – Chapter 68-73 : After the Count’s manipulation of the bond market, Danglars is left with only a destroyed reputation and 5,000,000 francs he has been holding in deposit for hospitals. The Count demands this sum to fulfill their credit agreement, and Danglars embezzles the hospital fund. Abandoning his wife, Danglars flees to Italy with the Count’s receipt, hoping to live in Vienna in anonymous prosperity. While leaving Rome, he is kidnapped by the Count’s agent Luigi Vampa and is imprisoned the same way that Albert was. Forced to pay exorbitant prices for food, Danglars eventually signs away all but 50,000 francs of the stolen five million (which Dantès anonymously returns to the hospitals). Nearly driven mad by his ordeal, Danglars finally repents his crimes. Dantès forgives Danglars and allows him to leave with his freedom and the money he has left. Maximilien Morrel, believing Valentine to be dead, contemplates suicide after her funeral. Dantès reveals his true identity and explains that he rescued Morrel’s father from bankruptcy, disgrace and suicide years earlier.Travelling with him back to Marseilles, he persuades Maximilien to delay his suicide for a month. On the island of Monte Cristo a month later, Dantès presents Valentine to Maximilien and reveals the true sequence of events. Having found peace, Dantès leaves for an unknown destination to find comfort and a new life with Haydée, who has declared her love for him.
Academic English I – The Count of Monte Cristo – Vocabulary – List #2 (REVISED LIST)
Word Definition + List of Synonyms
1. adroit (adj) skillful, handy, coordinated, adept, dexterous, graceful, resourceful
2. affable (adj) friendly, cordial, congenial, courteous, gracious, sociable, simpatico, approachable
3. alacrity (noun) joyful readiness, willingness, eagerness, fervor, promptness, avidity, speech, sprightliness
4. acrimony (noun) bitterness, hostility, ill will, rancor, malice, spite, enmity, waspishness, spitefulness
5. beckon (verb) gesture, signal, wave, sum, coax, lure, motion, draw, attract
6. bravado (noun) male machismo, self-confidence, swagger, bluster, braggadocio
7. cabal (noun) group, sect, cell, faction, coterie, junta, lobby (group), conspiracy
8. capricious (adj) fickle, changeable, flighty, fanciful, whimsical, unpredictable, moody, mercurial
9. celerity (noun) speed, velocity, haste, hurry, quickness, rapidity, alacrity, swiftness, vivacity, legerity
10. conscript (verb) draft, induct, conscribe, requisition, order, call-up
11. contraband (noun) stolen, smuggled, prohibited, bootlegged goods
12. defer (verb) submit to, respect, acknowledge the authority of bow to, submit to, yield to, give way to
13. dexterity (noun) skill with hands, adroitness, adeptness, proficiency, facility, coordination
14. disparage (verb) criticize, vilify, discredit, ridicule, belittle, denigrate, impugn, mock, scorn, traduce, slam
15. dormant (adj) asleep, resting, hibernating, passive, inactive, inert, latent, quiescent
16. dupe (noun or verb) NOUN: gullible person , rube, dolt, chump, blockhead, sucker ; VERB: deceive, hoodwink, trick
17. enmity (noun) antagonism, ill will, friction, rancor, resentment, hatred, spite, antipathy, loathing,, aversion
18. erudite (adj) literate, book smart, scholarly, well-read, knowledgeable, sophisticated, highbrow,
cerebral, brainy, literary, bookish
19. exculpate (verb) clear (of blame), acquit, vindicate,, exonerate, reprieve
20. feign (verb) put-on, pretend, play-act, pose, fake, bluff, masquerade, malinger
21. fetters (noun) shackles, chains, reigns, hampers, trammels, manacles, cuffs
22. forsake (verb) abandon, desert, jilt, dump, ditch, jettison, relinquish, dispense, disown ,scrap
23. grandeur (noun) greatness, splendor, magnificence, eminence, majesty, pomp, stateliness
24. gratuitous (adj) freely-offered, undue, unnecessary, unprovoked, wanton, excessive, unmerited,
25. hapless (adj) unfortunate, unlucky, jinxed, cursed, star-crossed, forlorn, woebegone
26. haughty (adj) arrogant, snobbish, vain, conceited, supercilious, patronizing,, scornful, disdainful, snooty,
uppity
27. hew (verb) hack, sever, rend, chop, cleave, whack, whittle, slash, cut
28. incarcerate (verb) imprison, jail, lock up, sequester, confine, intern, quarantine, hold captive
29. incredulous (adj) unbelieving, skeptical , suspicious, distrustful, dubious, unconvinced, cynical
30. impassive (adj) unfeeling, unresponsive, unemotional, cold, callous, blank, poker-faced, stoical
Word Definition + Synonyms
31. incognito (noun or adj) disguise, mask, camouflage, mummery
32. ingress (noun) entrance, access, entryway, entree
33. juxtapose (verb) compare, contrast, collocate, place side-by-side
34. languid (adj) relaxed, unhurried, laid-back, listless, lethargic, slow, sluggish, lazy, idle, indolent
35. lattice (noun) cross-hatching, trellis, window, framework
36. laud/laudable (verb/adj) praise, extol, hail, applaud, acclaim, commend, lionize, rhapsodize, eulogize, rave
37. metamorphosis (noun) change, transformation, growth, mutation, maturation, alteration, modification
38. misanthrope (noun) people-hater, cynic, recluse, hermit, grouch, grump, curmudgeon
39. miscreant (noun) lawbreaker, delinquent, hoodlum, malefactor, rascal, law-breaker, derelict, thug
40. nabobs (noun) notables, dignitaries, VIPs, celebrities, rich people, jet-setters
41. nautical (adj) oceanic, ocean-related, marine, naval, seafaring, boating, sailing
42. occult (adj) magical, secret, esoteric, supernatural
43. officious (adj) meddlesome, intrusive, overbearing,, domineering,, bumptious, pushy, bossy
44. opportune (adj) fortunate, propitious, favorable, advantageous, felicitous, timely, convenient, apt,
fitting, convenient
45. pandemonium (noun) mayhem, bedlam, chaos, uproar, turmoil, commotion, confusion, anarchy, furor,
hubbub, rumpus, hullabaloo, hoopla
46. parched (adj) dry, arid, dessicated, dehydrated, baked, burned, scorched, withered, shriveled, sere
47. quarantine (verb or noun) isolate, confine, seclude, sequester, segregate
48. remonstrate (verb) argue, (with) protest, resist, haggle, oppose, deplore, condemn, denounce, make-a- fuss,
raise a ruckus, cause a stink
49 reprieve (noun or verb) pardon, spare, forgive, release, grant amnesty to
50. savant (noun) prodigy, pundit, scholar, wunderkind, genius (in one area)
51. sentinel (noun) watchman, guard, sentry
52. slander (verb) vilify, besmirch, smear, libel, defame, malign, tarnish, denigrate, disparage
53. temperate (adj) moderate, restrained, disciplined, self-controlled
54. transitory (adj) brief, short-lived, ephemeral, momentary, fleeting, passing, evanescent
55. unadulterated (adj) pure, unmixed, untainted, unsoiled, unsullied
56. verdant (adj) green, lush, grassy, leafy, rich, verdurous
57. vociferous (adj) noisy, clamorous, shrill, shouting, boisterous, loud-mouthed, ranting, vehement,
uproarious
58. vulgar/vulgarity (noun) crude, distasteful, coarse, indecent, naughty, lewd, salacious, smutty, filthy, profane,
risqué, ribald, bawdy, obscene
59. wanton (adj) reckless, wayward, loose, shameless, immodest, promiscuous, unchaste, aimless
60. waylay (verb) ambush, attack, assail, mug, “hold up,” detain, intercept, pounce on